A Short History of Apartheid
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This 6 page paper provides historical information about the Apartheid that existed in South Africa. Its beginnings as well as how it ended is included in this paper. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA917a.rtf

Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves
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This 7 page paper discusses the Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves ecological project in Niger, including the diversity of biological species found there, the threat posed by humans, and protections used to safeguard the area. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: HVairten.rtf

Achebe's “Things Fall Apart” and Ngugi's “The River Between”
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A 10 page overview of these two works of African literature. A review of character development is provided as is a discussion of the interweaving of public and private themes which arise at the hands of colonization in each of these great works. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPafLit2.rtf

Acme Paperclips -- Offices in the United States and Uganda
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This 7 page report discusses the fact that working conditions for people in the United States and people in Africa are literally and figuratively a world apart. Not only are the workers of Uganda most familiar with agricultural work and agricultural related production (the countries leading export is coffee), they are generally unaware that their government has or should have any obligation in terms of providing them with a safe working environment. Using the example of the fictious “Acme Paperclip” company, issues of worker safety and protection are discussed. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWpclips.wps

Adam Hochschild's King Leopold's Ghost
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5 pages in length. Adam Hochschild's King Leopold's Ghost tells of Leopold's search for a colony to claim as Belgium's own. His fear was that all the other European nations would leave nothing for himself or his people in their overtaking of the Africa and Asia areas. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAkleop.wps

Adam Hochschild/King Leopold's Ghost
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A 5 page essay that summarizes the principal points from Hochschild's book King Leopold's Ghost, which chronicles the atrocities implemented by the Belgium monarch against the Congolese people. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, King Leopold II of Belgium carved out a personal kingdom in the African Congo and built an enormous personal fortune, which cost, at least, 10 million African lives. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: khleoII.wps

Addressing Poverty And Disease (HIV/AIDS) Problems In South Africa
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8 pages in length. The A.N.C. "remains the political brand associated with liberation" (Bearak, 2009) due in great part to the significant strides it has made fortifying the socioeconomic status of millions of people since 1994; even though criticism exists with regard to the A.N.C.'s perceived weakness in power, the overwhelming public stance is in favor of re-election because of the myriad of schools, roads, potable water and electricity that now exist throughout the townships. All of this progress has earned a five-percent economic growth that is only expected to increase next year when the soccer World Cup is hosted by South Africa. Even with this tremendous socioeconomic success, however, two critical issues still remain at the forefront of South Africa's agenda: why are poverty and disease (AIDS/HIV) still so prevalent, and what can be done in order to eradicate both problems? Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: TLCafrpovdis.rtf

Advocacy - World Vision's Hope Initiative
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A 10 page paper. World Vision launched the Hope Initiative specifically to combat the epidemic of HIV/AIDS. This essay discusses the socio-political and organizational contexts of this group's advocacy efforts, explains the type of advocacy the group performs and discuses the socio-political aspects of this global group's work. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: PGwvsaid.rtf

Africa and AIDS:
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This 10 page paper discusses the startling issue of AIDS in Africa. Furthermore, this paper presents the scope of the problem as well as trends and methods of managing the problem. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: GSAfaids.rtf

Africa and International Systems;
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This 24 page paper considers the international relations and trading position of Africa with its unique problems and developments and the way that these are manifesting themselves political as well as economically in both the domestic policies as well as international relations. The paper includes consideration of the economic, political and social problems and uses country case studies of Kenya and Zimbabwe to illustrate many of the points raised. The bibliography cites 19 sources
Filename: TEafrica.wps

Africa and Western Influence
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This 6 page paper explores the question as to whether or not Western education and economic development in Africa was designed to help Africans or exploit them. The answer is determined from a portion of a book called Historical Problems of Imperial Africa. Both sides of the issue are discussed. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA117Afr.doc

Africa Essay Questions
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A 5 page paper answering various questions about the continent of Africa; the influence of Islam and Christianity on the indigenous peoples; and links between present-day difficulties and colonial-era divisions. The questions address religion, female genital mutilation, geographical influences on migration patterns and other topics. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSAfrQues.wps

Africa Under Apartheid
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5 pages. With the decline of agricultural price in the 1870’s and 1880’s that led to lower-class southern whites to join farmers throughout the country in populist political movements, political leaders sought to unite the racial lines in order to effect more votes from the black voters. This did not work and the populist revolt died away after 1896. This then refutes some of what society was attempting to resolve. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: JGAafhis.rtf

Africa’s Pre-Colonial Systems of Peoplehood
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Africa’s Pre-Colonial Systems of Peoplehood: This 9-page essay examines a number of Africa’s pre-colonial systems prior to the 1800’s. Only the very naïve would think that disorganized savages were the sole inhabitants of pre-colonial Africa – particularly when looking at the history of the Ashanti confederation -- just one example of the many nation-states that existed at the time. Bibliography lists 7 sources. SNPrecol.doc
Filename: SNPrecol.rtf

Africa’s Relationship with Europe
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A 3 page paper outlining the course of relations of Europe and Africa, from initial inquiry to the “Middle Passage,” to colonization and eventually freedom. Virtually all sea-faring European nations took a turn at Africa. The path of decolonization followed a pattern common among colonies gaining their independence from a foreign power. Those in leadership positions initially looked to the occupying power for assistance, then for freedom and self-determination. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: KSafricaEurHis.rtf

African “AIDS Orphans”
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This 10 page paper explores the plight of the African “AIDS orphans,” children who have been orphaned by the death of their parents from AIDS. These children face significant difficulties not faced by other children who are orphaned in other ways. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: HVaidsor.rtf

African Civilizations
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A 5 page research paper that discusses the lost glories of African civilization. The writer argues that Europeans had to construct the myth that Africans were uncivilized savages in order to justify the African slave trade with the tenets of Christianity and that, in reality, Africans civilizations produced great scholarship and art. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: 99blkciv.rtf