Tzu Hsi, the Empress Dowager of China
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A 5 page research paper on the life of Tzu Hsi, who has the mother of the emperor became the power behind the throne of China for fifty years. Ambitious, xenophobic, anti-modern and superstitious, she lived a life of luxury and ostentation to the detriment of her country. Her rule, rather then preserving traditional Chinese culture as she desired, undoubtedly hastened the dominance of China by the foreign influences. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: 90tzuhsi.rtf

Wang Anyi's 'Love In A Small Town'
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A 5 page paper on this seminal work of modern Chinese fiction. It demonstrates how Wang departs from old romantic narrative patterns of traditional Chinese literature to show the opportunities and dilemmas of women in modern Chinese society.
Filename: Wanganyi.wps

Breast Cancer
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In 5 pages -- paper discusses the difference of an article on the topic of breast cancer in a magazine and two journals. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Cancerbr.wps

Breast Cancer
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8 pages in length. An excellent and informative overview of breast cancer; its frequency, occurrence, causes, prevention, and treatment. Bibliography lists 11 sources.
Filename: Breastca.wps

Ovarian Cancer
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In 1995, the rate of women being diagnosed with ovarian cancer each year in the United States was 22,000 (Anonymous 1995). This form of cancer is not easily detected in the early stages, which means that by the time it is diagnosed, serious health problems have occurred. Ovarian cancer is less prevalent than breast cancer, has a higher mortality rate and is linked with the same genetically presupposed gene. It is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States causing 14 500 deaths in 1998 (Bonn, 1999). An annual pelvic exam and possible the new testing for the gene are the most common preventative measures. This 5 page paper explores the physiological repercussions of this deadly disease. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: KTovarian.wps

Changes in the Roles of Women in Africa
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This 5 page report discusses the various changes in the status of women and women's roles in Africa through pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial times. The entire issue of gender and gender roles serves as just one more example of the depth of complexity of any issue related to Africa, whether in terms of history or the modern Africa. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWgenAF.rtf

Inequality / Women in Emerging Nations
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A 5 page research paper that explores current thought concerning discovery of the roots behind economic inequality for women in Western Africa. Some issues discussed are effects of colonization, family and kinship systems, and reproductive and religious rites. Ideas discussed include those by Enloe, Wais, Kalu, and Schipper. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Cngendr.wps

Ousmane's God's Bits Of Wood
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In October of 1947, 20,000 Senegalese railway workers and their families went on strike for better wages and working conditions. The strike shut down most rail traffic throughout all of French West Africa, and lasted for approximately five and a half months. Sembene Ousmane's novel, God's Bits of Wood, is a fictionalized re-counting of the event. This 5 page paper focuses on the underlying reason to the strike, the relationship of the primary characters and the interjection of the role of women. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: KTbitwood

Ritualistic Female Mutilation
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A 9 page essay on the practice of female genital mutilation considered traditional in many parts of Africa. Though not as prevalent in the cities, the estimated numbers of girls subjected to the ritualistic surgery, normally without the benefit of anaesthesia, is between 90 and 94 percent. When researchers ask why the mutilations are performed, the standard reply is that it is tradition, or (more rarely) that it enhances beauty. Native women are working with villagers to help end the practice, trying to help them see that not only is this surgery unncessary, it is also physically and psychologically damaging for a life time. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Mutilate.wps

Women As Part Of The History Of The Sahara
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This 15 page paper looks at the nations surrounding and affected by the Sahara Desert, as well as role of women in Saharan Africa throughout history. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: Sahara.wps

Witchcraft and Sex
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A 6 page discussion of witchcraft in the United States. Discusses the misconception that sexual promiscuity and misdeed are an integral part of witchcraft. Concludes that witchcraft accusations are almost always targeted at women and that these accusations can be associated with the tendencies of others to resent anything that is unusual or different. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPwitch.wps

Women & Christian Witch Hunts During The Reformation
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During the Reformation era, persecution of women whom the Catholic Church perceived to be 'witches' was at an all-time high. This 12 page paper examines sociopolitical issues from that time as well as specific theological views on witchery and witchcraft. It is argued that fear and ignorance towards women (i.e., 'the transformation of the witch from wanton woman to bad wife') led to much of the scare and confusion. A final section also compares the persecution of women as witches during the Reformation with that of Jewish people during the same period. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Witchcra.wps

My Antonia: Conventional Vs. Unconventional Roles Of Women
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5 pages in length. The duality of Willa Cather's portrayal of women in My Antonia represents the inherent dichotomy that exists between conventionality and unconventionality. A longstanding debate has raged ever since the author penned her account of a woman torn between traditional gender representation and that which is not considered conventional. The argument within the literary world revolves around the feminist approach, with some critics contending that Antonia represents the archetypal female who awakens to her innate functions as a woman. The writer presents a review of literary opinions in relation to how women's roles are portrayed in My Antonia. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCMyAnt.wps

The 14th Amendment and Women's Rights
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A 7 page paper discussing the 14th amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The writer discusses the context of this amendment in current times as it relates to equality, women's rights, relevant social programs, etc; It is ultimately concluded that although the 14th amendment is the first step towards social reform, and equal rights for all citizens, it will be a long time before those discriminated against -- women, homosexuals, blacks, and other minorities -- are truly considered equal. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: 14tham.rtf

Post Modernism in Pynchon and Kingston
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Surrealism and integrity are two ingredients that one generally doesn't expect at the same time and in the same place. Yet, both Thomas Pynchon and Maxine Hong Kingston have been able to meld the two into a coherent whole. This 5 page paper examines the postmodern stories: Pynchon's short story on Entropy, and Kingston's novel of the Tripmaster Monkey and His Fake Book, in an effort to verify their ability to embody the principles of postmodernism with their temporal and cultural settings, as well as the reliance on the visual image to convey the essence of their respective morals. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: KTenttrp.wps

The Depiction Of Women In Prime Time Television Situations Comedies: Conflicting Stereotypes, Views And Messages
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Since the 1960s, women have been portrayed on television in a number of different ways, from brash and empowered heroines of shows like 'The Avengers' to demure and careful familial serial depiction. More than any other decade since the advent of television, though, the 1990s have marked definitive trends in the representations of women that are perhaps the most offensive in television history. This 8 page paper considers the issue of the depiction of women on television, particularly women in television situation comedies, and considers the implications for a societal view of women. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Womentv.rtf

The Objectification of Women in Tennessee Williams’ Cat on a Hot Tin Roof
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of some of the significant points of Tennessee Williams’ play Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, including the prevalent symbolism that divides men and women and the objectification of women that is evident in William’s portrayal of Maggie the Cat. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHcat.wps